Pygmy sperm whales are frequently seen at the surface either alone or in small groups of up to 6-7 animals. Group composition can vary/mix based on age and sex, but little else is known about their social organization. Pygmy sperm whales are rarely active or aerial at the surface, and it is very uncommon for them to approach boats. Usually they are seen slowly swimming (3 knots) or “logging” at the surface, showing only a small portion of their body. Before diving, they will
slowly roll or sink and disappear from view without displaying their flukes.
This species is very difficult to observe at sea given their timid behavior, lack of a visible blow, and low profile/appearance in the water. They are usually only detected in ideal sea state (calm) and weather conditions (low wind speeds and little or no swells).
Strandings are common to this species, especially in some areas of southeast coast of the United States, and often they strand alive either as single individuals or cow calf pairs. Many have been taken to aquariums where all efforts to keep them alive have been unsuccessful.
An unusual characteristic that distinguishes pygmy and dwarf sperm whales from other cetacean species is the use of the “squid tactic.” In the lower portion of the intestine, each species has a sac filled with liquid. These animals are capable of ejecting over 3 gallons (12 liters) of viscous, dark reddish-brown liquid when they feel threatened or when trying to evade predators. Similar to squid and other cephalopod species, the “ink” creates a dense cloud that may discourage predators and/or functions as a confusing diversion allowing the whale to escape.